Therapeutic potential of targeting SIRT1 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease / 生理学报

Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is one of the seven mammalian proteins of the sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases. SIRT1 plays a pivotal role in neuroprotection and ongoing research has uncovered a mechanism by which SIRT1 may exert a neuroprotective effect on Alzheimer's disease (AD). Growing evidence demonstrates that SIRT1 regulates many pathological processes including amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) processing, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and mitochondrial dysfunction. SIRT1 has recently received enormous attention, and pharmacological or transgenic approaches to activate the sirtuin pathway have shown promising results in the experimental models of AD. In the present review, we delineate the role of SIRT1 in AD from a disease-centered perspective and provides an up-to-date overview of the SIRT1 modulators and their potential as effective therapeutics in AD.

Evaluation of target-enrichment accompanied by next-generation sequencing for detection of four pathogens in bloodstream infections / 军事医学

Objective To establish an Ampliseq method that combines target-enrichment and the next-generation sequencing for simultaneous detection of Staphylococcus aureus, S.epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Listeria monocytogenes in order to provide a fast and accurate means to detect pathogens in bloodstream infections.Methods A method to evaluate the LOD,specificity and sensitivity by constructing simulated samples spiked in known pathogens was established.Results and Conclusion Target-enrichment Ampliseq showed good sensitivity and specificity,and the limit of detection(LOD)was as low as 101CFU/ml.The sensitivity was 95.38%,the specificity was 95.45%and the Kappa value was between 0.839 -1.000.This method can detect S.aureus,S.epidermidis,K.pneumoniae and L.monocytogenes simultaneously in one reaction within 15 hours.

Nuclear matrix protein 22 and urinary cytology test in the diagnosis of bladder cancer: a meta-analysis / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Systematic reviews of diagnostic value of the nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) and urine cytology for bladder cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Development of inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria and search strategy to retrieve relevant literature. Screening the literature according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Quality evaluation of the screening and data extraction, using MetaDiSc 1.4 software for Meta analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In total, 266 relevant studies were searched, excluded 256 studies, and then 10 studies were included, with 4895 patients involved. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of NMP22 to detect bladder cancer were 0.76 (95%CI: 0.74 - 0.77), 0.80 (95%CI: 0.79 - 0.82), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of urine cytology were 0.36 (95%CI: 0.34 - 0.38), 0.94 (95%CI: 0.93 - 0.95), respectively. The area under curve (AUC) for NMP22 and urine cytology were 0.8533 and 0.8628, and Q(*) index were 0.7863 and 0.7934, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>For the diagnosis of bladder cancer, the sensitivity of NMP22 was higher than urine cytology, but the specificity was lower than urine cytology. Overall diagnostic performance of NMP22 was medium, it was no significant difference with urine cytology. It can't replace urine cytology now.</p>